A brother, sister, or parent of a person who has a mutation also has a 50% chance of having the same mutation. Therefore, a child who has a parent with a mutation has a 50% chance of inheriting that mutation. This means that a parent with a gene mutation may pass along a copy of their normal gene or a copy of the gene with the mutation. Carney complex follows an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, in which a mutation happens in only 1 copy of the gene. Normally, every cell has 2 copies of each gene: 1 inherited from the mother and 1 inherited from the father. Mutations of another related gene ( PRKACA) involved in PPNAD and other types of Cushing’s syndrome do not appear to cause Carney complex. The search continues for other genes that might be associated with Carney complex. Mutations in the PDE11A and PDE8B genes have also been found in younger people with Cushing syndrome due to PPNAD, but their link to Carney complex remains in question. Recently, mutations in the PRKACB gene were found in a single person with Carney complex and also in young children with Cushing syndrome that had no other symptoms of Carney complex. The gene mutation in that person is considered sporadic, meaning it occurs by chance.Ī second genetic cause associated with Carney complex has been described in a region on chromosome 2 (2p16), but the genes responsible for this phenotype are still unknown.

These people less frequently have other family members affected by Carney complex. People without a mutation in the PRKAR1A gene typically start to show mild symptoms later in life. So far, no strong association between a particular genetic mutation type and certain symptoms of Carney complex, such as cancer, has been seen. Most of the mutations are unique, meaning they are identified in single families only. To date, more than 130 different PRKAR1A mutations have been found. Researchers believe that more than 70% of people with Carney complex, and 80% of patients with PPNAD, have a mutation in the PRKAR1A gene (on chromosome 17q24.2), and up to 6% may have deletions in this gene or the chromosomal area that contains it. In particular, researchers have learned more about how the gene called PRKAR1A is associated with Carney complex, through its involvement with regulating the body’s cell signaling with protein kinase A ( PKA). This means that the risk of developing cancer and other features of Carney complex can be passed from generation to generation in a family through gene(s) mutations (alterations). LAMB syndrome – Lentigines, Atrial Myxoma, and Blue neviĬarney complex is a hereditary genetic condition that may be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner or occur sporadically. NAME syndrome – Nevi, meaning birthmarks or moles, Atrial myxoma, Myxoid neurofibromas, and Ephelides (freckles) A rare tumor of the nervous system called “schwannoma” can sometimes be cancerous and very aggressive. Cancers associated with Carney complex include liver, ovarian, testicular, and pancreatic cancer s. Although people with Carney complex have an increased risk of cancer, most tumors are benign. Cushing’s syndrome in Carney complex is always due to primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD), and symptoms may be a combination of weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, and easy bruising, caused by the overproduction of the hormone cortisol. Other common features of Carney complex are Cushing’s syndrome and multiple thyroid nodules (tumors). The spotty skin pigmentation is found on lips, inner and outer corners of the eyes, the conjunctiva (membrane lining) of the eye, and around the genital area. Skin pigmentation and heart myxomas or other heart problems are usually the first signs of the condition. Symptoms of Carney complex typically develop when a person is in childhood or their early 20s. A cancerous tumor is malignant, meaning it can grow and spread to other parts of the body. A benign tumor means the tumor can grow but will not spread.

Carney complex is a hereditary condition associated with spotty skin pigmentation myxomas, which are benign (noncancerous) connective tissue tumors and a number of other tumors of the endocrine (hormone-producing) glands.

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